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EARLY LIFE
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The birth place
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Genealogy
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The sacred father
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The sacred mother of the Holy Prophet (Sallallaho alaihe wasallam)
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The blessed birth
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Suckling days
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Death of grand father
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Sponsorship of Aboo Talib
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Business
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Marriage to Hadhrat Khadeejah (Radhi Allahoo Ta'-'Aala Ann-Ha’a)
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The unique worship in the cave of Hira
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THE LAST MESSENGER OF ALLAH
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Declaration of Prophethood
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The prayer
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Commencement of preaching
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The infidels' propaganda campaign against the Holy Prophet (Sallallaho
alaihe wasallam)
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Preaching in national festivals
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Antagonism of the Quraysh
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Hadhrat Bilaal (R.A.)
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Migration of early Muslims to Habasha : Abyssinia : Ethiopiai.
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Embracing of Islaam by Hadhrut Ameer Hamza (R.A.)
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Embracing of Islaam by Hadhrut Omar the Great (R.A.)
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Death of Hadhrut Aboo Talib and Hadhrut Khadeeja Tull-kuubraa (Allah is
pleased with her)
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Preaching in Taa-iff
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Imprisonment in Shebe Abee Taalib
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Islaam in Yathrab (Madina)
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Meiraaj
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The migration of Muslims and Hadhrut Omar to Madina
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THE HOLY PROPHET AT MADINA
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Migration of the Holy Prophet (Sallallaho alaihe wasallam)
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The Holy Prophet (Sallallaho alaihe wasallam) leaves his so dear house
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Departure from the cave
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Arrival at the place, named Qabba
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Entrance to Madina
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Hadhrut Ali (R.A.) joins
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Arrival and Masjid Nabawi foundations
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Marriage with Hadhrut 'Ayishah (Allah is pleased with her).
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The brotherhood ties of Mohajirs and Ansaars in Madina
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Change of Qiblah
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The war of Badr
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The battle of Ohud (Ghazwa Ohud)
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Other skirmishes, war of the trench, jewish confrontations
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Quraan and the jewish community of Madina conspiring against the Holy Prophet
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ISLAAM TO REAL SUCCESS
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The love of worship in the Ka-'aaba
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The well known miracle at Hodybia
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Hudabia puzzle of the Muslims and the exchange of emissaries
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The negotiations
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Rumour of murder of Hadhrut Othman and the bayat (pledge) of Ridhwaan
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The Hudybia treaty as the first treaty in Islaam
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The greatest victory is the peace treaty of Hudybia
| "And We (Allah) have not sent you (Muhammad) except a Blessing
for all the world (for all the times)." (Al-Quraan - XXI: 107) |
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| "And We (Allah) have sent you (Muhammad) as a messenger
for the entire mankind (for all the times). (Al-Quraan - IV: 79) |
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| "Muhammad is not at all a father to any one male among you
hut he is the (last) Messenger of Allah and is the finality of Prophethood."
(Al-Quraan - XXXIII: 40) |
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| Surely for you the life pattern of the Holy Prophet is the
best modality to follow. (Al-Quraan - XXXIII: 21) |
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| No Muslim male or female has any liberty (unchecked) to
go by their own will when Allah and His messenger command them to do certain
acts. Whosoever does not accept the command of Allah and His Messenger
that one adopts a wrong way. (Al-Quraan - XXXIII: 36) |
 |
| Whatever the Prophet prescribes get that in action. From
whatever he prohibits you desist from the same. (Al-Quraan - LIX: 7) |
 |
I. EARLY LIFE
A. THE BIRTH PLACE:
City of Makkah is the birth place of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahoo
Alyhe Wassallam), This city is the oldest settlement of man on earth with
erection of first house of worship by Hadhrat Aadam Alyhe Salaam (Allah's
Blessings on him), the first man on this earth. This city is in Arabia,
a big desert land between Red Sea and Syria with barren hills, glittering
and blazing sands with few green places in its Hijaz Zone. The world fame
cities of Makkah, Madina and Jeddah lie in this Zone of Hijaz as cradle
of Muslim civilization between Indian ocean to that side of Suez canal
African Arabs.
B. GENEALOGY:
Genealogy of noble Muhammad, the Holy Prophet, Sallallahoo Alyhe Wassallam
(Allah's blessings and salutations on him) (571-632) is the Last Messenger
of Allah. He is the son of Abdullah (545-571) Who was the son of Abdal
Muttalib, the son of Hashim, the son of Abd-e-Monaf, the son of Qusayy,
the son of Kilab, the son of Murrah, the son of Kaab, the son of Luwae,
the son of Ghalib, the son of Fahr, the son of Malik, the son of Nadar,
the son of Kanannah, the son of Khazeemah, the son of Madrakah, the son
of Ilyaas, the son of Madhar, the son of Nazaar, the son of Ma'a'ad, the
son of Adnaan. Upto this great grand father the genealogy of the Holy Prophet
Muhammad (Sallallahoo Alyhe Wassallam (S.A,W.) has been unanimously agreed
by all the Muslim and non-Muslim historians by correct records. All are
unanimous on this point that the genealogy of the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
commences from Prophet Issma-'eel the elder son of Arch Prophet Hadhrat
Ibrahim (Allah's Blessings on both of them). It is Hadhrat Ibrahim (Allah's
Blessings on him) through Genealogy of Adnann upto Hadhrat Adam (Allah's
Blessings on him) is as follows:
Adnaan, the son of Aud, the son of Hamee, the son of Salaaman, the son
of Thabit, the son of Jamal, the son of Qaidaar, the son of Ismail, the
son of Ibrahim, the son of Aazar, the son of Sharukh, the son of Arghoo,
the son of Qaane, the son of Khabir, the son of Shalikh, the son of Arfahshad,
the son of Saam, the son of Noah, the son of Lamak, the son of Mutawashlakh,
the son of Ak'htankh, the son of Byaar, the son of Lyall, the son of Qanytaan,
the son of Anoosh, the son of Shees, the son of Adam (Allah's Blessing
on him).
C. THE SACRED FATHER
The name of the respected father of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (meaning
the most praiseworthy) Sallallahoo Alyhe Wassallam (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) is Abd Allah
(Abdullah) (meaning the devotee of Allah). He was the most handsome youngest
son of Abdal Mutalib excellent in virtues with perfect attributes. (One
hundred camels were sacrificed as thanks-giving to Allah) by his father
and the grand father of the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam). His forehead reflected
a profound illumination. He died at the age of twenty five years according
to some at the age of thirty years). Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) had been in
the womb of mother Aaaminah at that time for a few months. Thus the Holy
Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam belongs to a genealogy of nobility.
D. THE SACRED MOTHER OF THE HOLY PROPHET (SAW):
The name of the sacred mother of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahoo
Alyhe Wassallam) is Aaaminah, daughter of Wahab, the son of Hashim, who
was the son of Abd Munaaf. She was known as the beautiful, virtuous, modest
and chaste lady. When she died, the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) was six years
of age. Thus the noble mother of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam also belonged
to the family of great nobility.
E. THE BLESSED BIRTH:
The brightest dawn follows the darkest night in this world of living men.
Arabia plunged in darkness of evils and superstitions. In such a gloomy
age all around the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) was born as a bright
sun on the furmament of human history in the great city of Makkah. Prophecies
of his birth are still available in Bible (John: XIV = 15, 16, XVI = 7)
and in Books of the old testament as stated by the Holy Quraan (III : 81).
The Holy Prophet of Islaam was born during the first year of Aamel Feel
(the year of the Elephant's War) on 12th Rabee-ull-Awwal; 21st April, 571
A.D, during early morning; before the sun-rise. Slaughter ceremony as thanks-giving
to Allah took place on the 7th day. All the Quraysh community was invited
to the feast. When people asked what is the name of the child his grand
father Abdul Muttalib answered "Muhammad". He was asked as to why the child
has been assigned this unique type of virtuous name in deviation of customary
names? The reply was "my child should deserve appreciation and praise of
the entire world" (and Muhammad means the most praiseworthy).
The Makkah pagans objected that Muhammad Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam should have born to
some king. The infidels were critical that Muhammad Sallallahoo Alyhe Wassallam
should have born to some chief or king. But Allah says in the Holy Quraan:
"Allah knows best with whom to place His Prophethood." Al-Quraan
VI: 125.
Thus Muhammad Bin Abdullah was His best choice.
F. SUCKLING DAYS:
The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) was entrusted for suckling to the most virtuous
Haleemah Saa'-diyah, as the great governess. When Haleemah started to suckle
the infant Muhammad Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam it was so soothing for her that she tried her
level best to suckle him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) on both breasts hut he (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) never
took a drop from her left side full of rich milk. This is how infant Muhammad
Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam protected the right of Haleemah's son in such infancy. After two
years of his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) suckling the great Nurse Haleemah brought him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
to his most respectable mother. But she again entrusted him upto the age
of six years to nurse Haleemah for further socialization in her pure Arabic
tribe.
G. DEATH OF GRAND FATHER:
When the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) reached the age of eight years eight months
and ten days, his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) grand father, the most respected leader of Makkah
and strongest guardian of the Ka-'aaba Hadhrat Abdul Muttalib passed away
at the age of eighty four years. The grand father had a great love for
the Holy Prophet as child being so lovely and the only orphaned son of
so most handsome youngest son Abdullah and so virtuous daughter-in-law
Aamina.
H. SPONSORSHIP OF ABOO TALIB:
Aboo Talib was the real and so dear uncle of the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam).
He was personally entrusted the guardianship of the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
by his grand father before his death. He now assumed the responsibility
of supervision, acculturation and social training of the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
with personal care, deep love and great attachment with the orphan son
of his real younger brother. It is during this period that the Holy Prophet
(Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) learnt the art of goat farming to the practice of retail salesmanship
as an honest worker.
I. BUSINESS:
On attaining the youthful faculties the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) inclined
towards undertaking skilfully the family business but he (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) did not
have any capital to flourish it under his resourceless uncle. A widow of
a noble family Hadhrat Khadeejah, a great lady was very rich with a thriving
trade and commerce. For some times the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam was entrusted
her sales managership through his uncle which impressed lady Khudeejah
for his honesty, straight dealings and integrated skilfulness. So she herself
requested him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) to take her goods for trading. She then allocated
much of her business to him while he attained adulthood for his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
most appreciable attributes, trustworthiness and orderly ways of life.
The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) from now onwards became a great businessman of
profound honesty with integrity. Considerable profits were earned in this
trade and business which further impressed Lady Khadeejah for his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
worth and personal greatness.
J. MARRIAGE TO HADHRAT KHADEEJAH R.A. (RADHI ALLAHOO TA'-'AALA ANN-HAA):
During the business deals the servant of Hadhrat Khadeejah-tull-Kuubra,
named Mysarrah, always remained with the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam). He narrated
to Hadhrat Khadeejah all the good attributes and magnanimity of the Holy
Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) which he had observed during the business journey and
his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) tradesmanship. On hearing about these virtues, Hadhrat Khadeejah
(R.A.) as the richest lady of the land made a request to the Holy Prophet
(Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) to get married to her. At the time of marriage the Holy Prophet
(Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) was a handsome young personage of 25 years of age and Hadhrat
Khadeejah was a most respectable widow of 40 years. After marriage to the
Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) she remained alive for 25 years. Thus the Holy Prophet
Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam became the Managing Director of her entire business at this prime
age. After the marriage, all of His (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) time was consumed in worshipping
Almighty Allah as the Supreme and the Sublime universal reality for the
betterment and welfare of humanity bringing them to the folds of unity.
K. THE UNIQUE WORSHIP IN THE CAVE OF HIRA:
The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) was so dejected from pagan worshippers
of the Holy Ka'aaba that he observed the cave Hira a top the eastern mount
of Makkah in the right direction to this Holy House of Allah Almighty's
so devoted worship. He started to remain there for continuous worship day
and night taking with him parched grams, barley, meals and water. He used
to go to lonely cave of mount Hira, few miles away from the city, which
was 4 yards long and l 3/4. There he had a pure glimpse of the Ka-'aaba
with spiritual vision of its top full of Allah's Mercy and all the times
continued to supplicate Allah. He did not return to the city until water,
parched grams and grounded barley meals did not exhaust. The Holy Prophet
(Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) started to have profound dreams. These were so realistic that
whatever he (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) saw in dreams, used to materialize the next day. During
all these 15 years he spent much of the wealth as Managing Director of
his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) respectable wife to ameliorate the sufferings of neighborhood,
men in need and people facing the miseries. His (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) so beloved wife
was all out for him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) in such human welfare activities.
2. THE LAST MESSENGER OF ALLAH
A. DECLARATION OF PROPHETHOOD:
The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam attained the full maturity age of forty years.
On 5th of Rabi-ull-Awwal, year 41 Meeladi, the day was Monday (According
to 12th of February, 610 A.D.) the Arch Angel Hadhrat Roohul Ameen Jibrael
came to the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) with the Divine commandment of declaring
him the Last Prophet of Allah (S.W.T). The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) at that
time was engaged in supplication to Almighty Allah in the cave of Hira.
Hadhrat Roohull Ameen (The Holy Spirit Hadhrat Jibrael) said "O Muhammad
! happy News to you; you are the Messenger of Allah, and I am Jibrael.
Read with the Name of Rubb". But the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) told him. that
he is unlettered to read any thing. Then Angel Jibrael embraced him strongly.
The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) came to the house and laid down on his bed with
heavy body. He then felt fever and too much cold. Therefore, he asked Hadhrat
Khadeejah (R.A.) to cover him with a cloth. After he (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) tranquillized,
he said, "I have experienced such and such an incident". She took him to
his cousin Warqa, son of Nofal to whom the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam narrated
the entire story. After hearing it he said, "I am sure it is the same great
Angel, Jibrael, who had descended on Hadhrat Moossa (Allah's Blessing on
him). After a few days Roohull Ameen descended again, and the first Quraanic
Message was revealed in First Five Verses of Sura Alaq Sura No. XCVI. These
5 verses are the initial ones which sanctify the Divine importance of reading
and writing in Islaam.
"Read in the Name of your Rubb (Sustainer) Who created (every
thing); created man from a blood-clot.
Read; your Rubb (Sustainer) is the Most Honorable, who taught (man)
by the pen, taught man that he did not know." (Al-Quraan XCVI: 1 to 5)
B. THE PRAYER:
Roohull Ameen (Hazrat Jibrael (Blessing of Allah on him) brought the Holy
Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) to the foot of the cave Hira mountain. He himself performed
the wodoo (ablution). The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) also performed ablution
in the same way. Then they offered Salaat (Muslim prayer) together. Roohull
Ameen (Hadhrat Jibrael) lead the prayer (Salaat).
C. COMMENCEMENT OF PREACHING:
After offering first Prayer with Jibrael A.S. the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
reached home and started preaching his so dear wife Hadhrat Khadeejah (R.A.)
Radhi Allah hoo Ta-'aala annhaa (Allah is pleased with her). Thus a lady
became the first Muslim wife of the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam). Hadhrat Khadeejah
tull Kubra started to offer Prayer just on embracing Islaam followed by
Ali (Allah is pleased with him), his cousin aged ten years, Hadhrat Aboo
Bakr Siddique, his great friend (Radhi Allahoo Ta'aala annhoo, Allah is
pleased with him), his personal servant Hadhrat Zaid Bin Harthah (R.A.).
All of them embraced Islaam on the very first day. Their coming into the
fold of Islaam was the proof of piety, virtuous life, personal dignity,
dignified truth and righteousness of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam Allah Almighty
Ordained him Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam to preach openly as in Sura Al-Hijr XV : 94. He was
commanded by Allah to persuade to faith his kith and kins in the first
instance as in Sura Us-Sho-'aaraa' XXVI: 214.
D. THE INFIDELS' PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE HOLY PROPHET Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam:
None can tolerate self-criticism and if some human being attains a Divine
respect how can such exalted personality tolerate slightest disgrace of
any one. Here is the life of the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) like an open book
being the Last Ideal of Allah and a Divine Modality for the entire humanity
for all the times. A worst propaganda campaign was launched against him
with severe allegations by the Makki pagans opposing so bitterly his faith
in Unity of Allah Almighty and negation of idolatry as well as social evils
of the infidels. The allegations and condemnations of the Holy Prophet
by his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) opponents have been carried by the Holy Quraan in their
words as :
-
..... "that He (Muhammad) is majnun (mad man) possessed by Jinns". (Al-Quraan
LXXXI: 22)
-
The Holy Quraan by this Verse points out that the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam
received no revelations. Thus the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam was mentally tortured
but He (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) remained steadfast in his straightforward and truthful
preachings of Islaam.
-
..... "that they (pagans) dub him (Muhammad) as a 'kahin' or soothsayer".
(Al-Quraan LII: 29/LXIX : 42)
-
..... "that he (Muhammad) is a magician or a sorcerer". (Quraan XXXVIII:
4)
-
..... "that he (Muhammad) is a sahir that he is a poet." (Quraan LII: 30/LXIX
: 41)
Allah Almighty defends the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaho-hoo Alyhe
Wassallam) for all these allegations and wrong propagation by His Quraanic
revelations categorically repudiating the disbelievers' wrong contentions.
Allah says —
-
"We have not taught him (Muhammad) poetry ..... but he gets the pure revelations
of Allah". (Al-Quraan = XXXIV : 69)
-
..... "Muhammad is not a poet..... as a poet is a mental rambler who tries
to transform into beautiful rhymes his wayward whims and emotions. Poet
brings remote issues and speculation in poetic dictions which have no bearing
on human problems ..... " (Al-Quraan = XXVI: 226, 325)
Secondly the opponents of the Holy Prophet could not believe that a human
being without supernatural power could ever become the Messenger of Allah.
Allah verifies this truth through the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam in these words
—.
-
"Please declare, I am only a human being like you. My Rubb (Sustainer)
inspires me that your Allah is only one Allah worth worship",. (XVIII:
110)
-
"Please declare, "I am only a human being like you ..... therefore remain
on the straight path (as I practise) and seek His forgiveness." (Al-Quraan
= XLI: 6)
-
"Please declare, "my Allah be glorified. I am nothing but a human being
..... " (XVII: 93)
-
..... "they say, "why Allah has made a mortal His Messenger? Please declare,
if there were angels walking in the earth secure, We had sent down for
them from heaven an angel as messenger". (XVII: 94-95)
-
They (pagans) say, "why an angel has not been sent in his (Muhammad's)
place ..... Had We appointed an angel We must have sent him as a man .....
" (VI: 8-9)
-
"Disbelievers say, "it (Quraan) is but one which he (Muhammad) has
coined, and other folk, have helped him ....." (Al-Quraan = XXV : 4 to
6)
-
"Only some (learned) man teaches him (Muhammad) ..... as it (Quraan) is
a clear Arabic speech. Surely those who donot believe in revelations of
Allah will have a painful punishment..... who disbelieve the revelations
of Allah are the liars ..... " (Al-Quraan = XVI: 103, 104)
Thirdly the disbelievers of Makkah said that if some human being was to
be raised as a Messenger some richer and far more influential Chief enjoying
worldly powers. Why an orphan of a Quraish family gone down was appointed
Prophet? Allah says in His Quraan in this behalf:
-
And they (disbelievers) say, "why this Quraan had not been revealed to
some great man of the two towns (Makkah/Taa-iff). (Al-Quraan = XLIII: 31)
-
..... "Why is a treasure not thrown on him? Why not he has a garden with
him to eat there from? ..... you are following a man bewitched." (Al-Quraan
= XXV : 7, 8)
-
..... "He it is Who has sent amongst the unlettered a messenger of their
own to—
(a) recite to them His revelations; (b) purify them; (c) teach them the
Scripture; and (d) wisdom ..... (Al-Quraan = XLII: 2 to 4)
Fourthly the disbelievers wanted big miracles from him as verified by
Quraan;
-
"They say, ..... "bubble a spring from earth", ..... bring forth a garden
of date palm and vine with spring and rivers gushing forth ..... ; let
the heaven fall down upon them (infidels) "or produce God and angels descending
from heaven;" bring down from heaven writing for them ready reading.....
" (Al-Quraan = XVII: 90 to 93)
-
Had we sent down to you (Muhammad) a writing on parchment, so that they
could feel it by their hands;, those who disbelieve could have said, this
is not else than a magic" ..... (VI: 7)
All these verses from the Holy Quraan only rebut and categorically reject
the disbelievers' contentions of the past but also answer the objections
of disbelievers of today. These verses of the Holy Quraan also fully make
it clear that Quraan is the word of Allah. Had it been the words of Muhammad
Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam he would not have so critically evaluated his own person as humble
devotee.
But the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam continued to preach the Truth from Allah
making everybody understand the virtues of Islaam. He (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam), in every
general assembly, every festival, every street, and every lane, used to
impress upon his people the excellence of monotheism, and prevented them
from paganism, adultery, idolatry, burying daughters alive and gambling.
These do's and dont's have been detailed in Sura In-'aam VI: 151.
E. PREACHING IN NATIONAL FESTIVALS:
Festivals of Akkaz, Bijneeh and Zilmahaz were extremely famous in Arabia.
People from distant places used to attend them. The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
used to go to these places, and used to invite the people to the Divine
fold of the great religion of Islaam and oneness of Allah (Monotheism).
These addresses resulted in formation of a small group of so sincere Muslims.
Allah S.W.T. then directed him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) to preach the Quraish.
F. ANTAGONISM OF THE QURAYSH:
On observing the situation posed by the Divine Truth offered to them the
Quraish were extremely embarrassed for rejection of paganism by Muhammad
(Sallallah hoo Alyhe Wassallam) and hence they thought it essential to
block his ways. In the early stages, they first started offering minor
hindrances but at last they resorted to torture him and they started a
tough resistance movement to compel new-Muslims to revert to their old
religion.
G. HADHRAT BILAAL: R.A. (RADHI ALLAHOO TA-'AALA UN-HOO):
Hazrat Bilaal (R.A.) was an African. He was made a slave by Umayyah bin
Khalaf, who started subjecting him to crushing tortures when he came to
know of his conversion to Islaam but he was so sincerely influenced by
Islaam that he did not care for these tortures. Indoctrinated with Divine
love, he was shouting slogans of "Ahad", "Ahad" (Allah is One, Allah is
One) happily. Moved by Hadhrat Bilaal's such sincerity to Islaamic faith
Hadhrat Aboo Bakr (R-A.) paid the amount of his enslavement and emancipated
him from slavery of his master.
H. MIGRATION OF EARLY MUSLIMS TO HABASHA: ABYSSINIA: ETHIOPIA:
The infidels started tormenting the early Muslims in a serious confrontation.
The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) permitted that if any Muslim wishes to go out
of Makkah and its suburbs may migrate to the country of Habasha (presently
Ethiopia) for personal safety. After this permission, a small caravan comprising
of twelve Muslim men and four Muslim women embarked a ship and, in darkness
of the night, left the port of Jeddah and proceeded towards Abyssinia.
Hadhrat Uthman Bin Affan (R.A.) along with his wife Sayyadah Rooqayyah
(The daughter of the Holy Prophet) (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) and Hazrat Jaafar Tayyar (R.A.)
were the leaders of this early Muslim caravan leaving their homeland by
the Red Sea to Habasha. On having come to know of this the Quraish approached
the court of king Najashi, (then Haill Salasee) and complained to him that
these people belong to their tribe. They have escaped from their country,
and that they should be handed over to them. In reply to this Hadhrat Jaaffar
(R.A.) said, "Allah endowed His Mercy on us, and deputed a messenger to
us with the Holy Book of the last Divine Message, the Holy Quraan. He invited
us to the Unity of Allah. He asked us to desist from sins and idolatory;
to pray Allah only, give alms and keep fast. Our community got disgusted
from him. They started persecuting us as far as they could, due to which
we were compelled to leave our beloved homeland and come here in refuge.
On hearing this the king desired that the Holy Quraan be recited to
him. Hadhrat Jaafar Tayyar (R.A.) recited some verses from Surah Maryam-
(AI-Quraan Chapter XIX). The king started weeping, and said, "This is the
same Messenger of Allah, Muhammad (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) about whom Hadhrat Eessa (Allah's
Blessings on him) had forecast. Thanks God that I happened to be alive
during his time. In brief, the infidels did not succeed here, and they
returned home.
I. EMBRACING OF ISLAAM BY HADHRAT AMEER HAMZA (R.A.):
During the sixth year of Makki preaching of Islaam the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
was delivering sermon on mount Safaa when accidently Aboo Jehl, the arch
enemy of Islaam, arrived there. He was extremely annoyed on seeing the
Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam preaching the Divine Truth. After abusing, he hurled
a stone on him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) which resulted in serious bleeding of His (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
head. When Hadhrat Hamza (R.A.) came to know of this he approached Aboo
Jehl, and struck his head with the bow so strongly that he got him wounded
the same way Hadhrat Hamza was paternal uncle but also a maternal cousin
of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam who had sucked the milk of some maid nurse Saubia
who initially nursed the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam So Ameer Hamza was so near
and so dear to Him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam). So Hadhrat Hamaza came to the Holy Prophet
(Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) and said, my nephew you will be pleased to learn that Ï have
avenged Aboo Jehl for you." The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) said, "O my uncle!
I shall be happy when you will embrace Islaam." On hearing this Hadhrat
Ameer Hamza (Allah is pleased with him), embraced Islaam forthwith. He
was a man of great conviction and became a great asset to Islaam and for
the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam
J. EMBRACING OF ISLAAM BY HADHRAT OMAR THE GREAT (R.A.):
Hadhrat Omar, the great, (R.A.) embraced Islaam, three days after Hadhrat
Hamza (R.A.) entered the fold of Islaam. It is a strange turning point
in his life that during those troubled days he (Hadhrat Omar) determined
to murder the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam). He armed himself and furiously started
from the house for the purpose. In the way he came to know that his sister
Fatima Bint-e-Khattaab and his brother-in-law Saeed have embraced Islaam.
On hearing this he went over to the house of his brother-in-law where Hadhrat
Khabaab was teaching them from the parchments of the Quraan. He beat them
thoroughly to the extent that the head of his brother-in-law and his sister
started bleeding. His sister, being excited, said to Hadhrat Omar (Allah
is pleased with him) "We have embraced Islaam; you may do whatever you
like". Hadhrat Omar, seeing them so sincere in faith desired that they
should recite to him whatever they were reading from their Muslim teacher
earlier. The Sura Hadeed (Steel) Rakoo (Section) was recited to him after
he had undergone the prescribed Wodoo (ablution of Islaam). It so impressed
him that on hearing this recitation he wept profusely due to the spiritual
impacts of the Holy Quraan on his person. Thus the recitation of a great
Muslim lady became the turning point in the life of the great Omar. Subsequently
he approached the Holy Prophet (Allah's blessings and salutations on him)
and professed Islaam reciting aloud the Kalmah Shahadat. (Confessing of
faith for Muslim belief). All the Companions of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam
are his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) disciple but Omar the great is his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) desire. Thus
he confessed that Allah is one and the Holy Prophet (Allah's blessing and
salutation on him) loudly declared Takbeer Allah-hoo-Akbar (Allah is Greater)
Who has made Omar the great a real force for the early Muslims by strenthening
them in their weakness. Hearts of the infidels were over-awed for his so
brave entry to Islaamic faith and sincere companionship to the Holy Prophet
Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam After announcing Islaam, he offered prayer in Kaaba, due to which
the infidels were grieved tremendously.
K. DEATH OF HADHRAT ABOO TALIB AND HADHRAT KHADEEJA TULL-KUUBRAA (ALLAH
IS PLEASED WITH HER):
During the year of ten Hijra, Hadhrat Aboo Talib, uncle of the Holy Prophet
Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam died. (He was the father of Hadhrat Ali-ull-Muurtaza (Allah is pleased
with him). The Holy Prophet (Allah's blessings and salutations on him)
was brought up under his support and as such the Holy Prophet (Allah's
blessings and salutation on him) was grieved tremendously. Uncle Aboo Talib
was always a great force of love and support for him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) against the
Makki people dreadful enmity to him.
Thereafter, the beloved wife of the Holy Prophet (Allah's blessing and
salutation on him) Hadhrat Khadeejah-tuIl-Kubra (Allah is pleased with
her) passed away. She had expended all her belongings being the richest
lady of the land for the sake of Allah. She had embraced Islaam on the
first day before any one else. All the issues of the Holy Prophet (except
one) were from her. She was a great lady but his so sincerely loving life
mate. The angels used to convey to her the Salutation of Allah. Hadhrat
Ahmad-e-MuuJtaba Muhammad-e-Muustafaa (blessings and salutations of Allah
on him), Shaafa-e-Mehshar (the holder of Divine permission to seek Allah's
Mercy for everyone on the Day of Judgement) suffered a yet big shock, after
the death of his uncle. Hence that year was named as 'year of grief'.
PREACHING IN TAA-'FF:
The Holy Prophet (Allah's Blessing and salutation on him) now started onward
9th Nabawi preaching with more vigour after such great demises having more
confidence in his conviction. He went outside of Makkah that preaching
Islaam to the hostile people of this city did not impress him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam).
He thought that the people of Taa-'iff might follow him proper. During
this journey his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) personal servant Hadhrat Zayed Bin Harsa (Allah
is pleased with him) was also with him. The Holy Prophet (Allah's blessing
and salutations on him) preached amongst all the tribes which came in the
way between Makkah and Taa-'iff. But unfortunately he was seriously injured
and beaten out of Taa-'iff which was more torturous than the torture received
by all the previous prophets of Allah. After gaining senses he (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
was asked by Arch Angel Jibrael to pray to Allah against them and he would
crush them between the mountains. But the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam prayed to
Allah in favor to show their next generations the right path. This prayer
was offered by him being the Rahmate Aalam (Mercy of the Almighty for the
entire universe). Later the same cruel people of Taa-'iff became the best
Muslims automatically.
M. IMPRISONMENT IN SHEBE ABEE TAALIB:
The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam with all the believers (including dear wife Khadeejah
and uncle Aboo Talib were fortified for three years by a severe social
boycott of Makkah infidels. There they had so long a torture that the Holy
Prophet (S.W.A.) and his companions had to eat leaves of trees and leather
to survive. Allah saved them all from this trial and terminated the social
boycott agreement of Makki pagans being outside this fortification. Thus
Muslims became more sincere to their true faith.
N. ISLAAM IN YATHRAB (MADINA):
Allah Almighty helps His committed people of missionary zeal by persons
of sincere inclination to find the truth. The people of Yathrab (Madina)
usually came to Makkah to perform the annual Hajj. The Holy Prophet used
to preach people in the Hajj assemblies. In the 9th Nabawi Suwaid bin Samit,
a great poet of Yathrab, highly impressed by the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam started
to love Islaam. He introduced to youngsters of Madina the truthfulness
of the Holy Prophet. Thus in 10th Nabawi six talented persons of Yathrab
(Madina) on Haij occasion met the Holy Prophet lead by Aboo Haseem bin
Taihaan. They were followed by 12 persons from Madina to embrace Islaam.
Then the Chief of Auws tribe of Madina Mas'-ub embraced Islaam. Thus in
12th Nabawi 72 people of Madina came for Hajj to Makkah and embraced Islaam.
Then the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam allowed Makkah Muslims to migrate to the friendly
city of Madina. Then many people came on behalf of the Khazraj tribe as
enemies of their Auws tribe of Yathrab (Madina) being rivals of each other.
These Khazraj people wanted to enter into pact with Quraysh. But Allah
Almighty has His strange ways to help His devotees in toughest circumstances.
These people from a far off city of Yathrab (city of diseases which became
Madina tuur Rasool) underwent a strange self-quisitiveness About Islaam.
They found the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam and asked him what is Islaam? What he
stands for? How this religion has the real Divine Truth as human saviour?
The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) very enthusiastically,
preached them and profusely recited to them the Holy Quraan with pertinent
verses on Unity and oneness Allah and his truthful mission as Messenger.
Getting sincerely excited Ayaas Bin Maaz, immediately on hearing this said,
"O my clan ! This is better for you to embrace Islaam now than the objective
of your coming here" only for quisitiveness About this true faith against
the paganism and idolatry." Thus this group of Madina became the pioneers
of Islaam there.
O. MEIRAAJ:
The Holy Quraan says —
Glory be to Him Who took by night (Assra) from the sacred Mosque
to the distant mosque, the surrounding of which His devotee — to show him
His signs — (Al-Quraan = XVII = 1/L 111:2 to 8).
After very hardship there is a Divine ease. And the best bestowment of
Allah Suubhana-hoo Wa Ta-'aala to the Holy Prophet Sallallah hoo Alyhe
Wassallam. It was his personal exaltation amongst all the prophets. It
was his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) physical and sensuous Divine tour through the sphere from
earth to the heavens. First of all he went from Masjid-ul-Haraam, Makkah
to Masjid-ul-Aqsaa in Palestine Divine city of Jerusalem. The he (blessings
and salutations of Allah on him) personally became the Imam (leader) of
the prayer of all the Prophets of Allah (total as 125000 to 140000). Thereby
he enjoyed the highest respect of Allah Rubbul Aalameen as the RahmatuI-lil-Aalameen.
He physically had a great journey of heavens where he observed the Paradises,
the Hell and the highest seat of his exaltation on the Day of Judgement.
This is his greatest miracle beyond human imagination as a supernatural
bestowment of Allah which reason cannot justify. He got into immediate
presence of Allah Almighty, far beyond where none except Jibrael could
ascend. This is a great miracle of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam After this great
Assraa (Meiraaj) Allah Almighty opened up the way of the Muslims to friendly
Madina saving them from so hostile city of Makkah.
P. THE MIGRATION OF MUSLIMS AND HADHRAT OMAR TO MADINA:
Allah commanded in Sura IV : 75 the Muslims to migrate. Hadhrat
Omar (R.A.) was so brave that he became the pioneer Makki to migrate to
Madina to prepare the ground for the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam. to shift there.
As such Omar the great (Allah is pleased with him) migration in this way
bravely and daringly encouraged the faithfuls to leave Makkah for ever
to Madina. He commenced journey with twenty riders. Ayash Bin Rabeeah was
with him. They left Makkah in the day light in the presence of all the
Quraysh. They announced loudly "Any one who wants his wife to be a widow,
and also any one who wants his childrens to be orphans, may meet me behind
this mountain; but none dared to check him with this First caravan of Muslim
migrants but all of them remained dumb.
III. THE HOLY PROPHET AT MADINA
A. MIGRATION OF THE HOLY PROPHET (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
Very few Muslims were left in Makkah and from amongst the august companions
only Hadhrat Aboo Bakr Siddique as the most trusted friend and the sincerest
believer as well as the real faithful cousin Ali (Allah is pleased with
them both) remained with him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam). The Quraysh said that it was a golden
opportunity to kill the Holy Prophet (Allah's Blessing and Salutation on
him). In order to contemplate on the effective measures they convened a
secret meeting in Daarun Nadwah (social club) of Makkah wherein all the
leaders of the Quraysh participated. At last some fool proof measures were
suggested in this behalf by Aboo Jehl which were unanimously accepted,
and the meeting adjourned. The proposal was that from all the famous tribes
of Arabs, a hand of youngmen, one from each tribe, should be selected.
They should surround the house of the Holy Prophet (Allah's Blessing and
Salutation on him) in darkness of the night. When Muhammad (Allah's blessings
and salutation on him) at the time of morning prayer comes out, they should
attack him with their swords, and kill him to pieces. In this type of blind
murder of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam by such joint action of the pagan tribes
on Aboo Jehl's plan none will be held responsible for such sinister act.
Allah Almighty says in the Holy Quraan—
-
They are devising a plan against you (Muhammad) and I will devise a plan
to save you" — (LXXV: 15 to 17).
-
And call to mind when the disbelievers devised their plans against you
to imprison you or kill you — (VIII:3).
In this deadly plan all the tribes would have participated. Even the worst
Enemy cannot do anything wrong if the protection of Allah is available.
The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam came to know About this evil design of infidels
by Divine indication in a dream. By that time most of the Makki Muslims
had migrated to Madina, except a few nears and dears of the Holy Prophet
Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam including Hadhrat Ali and Hadhrat Aboo Bakr (Allah is pleased with
them). As soon as the infidels surrounded the house of the Holy Prophet
(Allah's blessings and salutation on him), for his murder he asked Hadhrat
Ali (Allah is pleased with him) to lie down, on his bed to hand over the
trusts of Makki people kept with him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) as the most trustworthy.
He himself came out of the deadly surrounding of his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) house by
the infidels reciting the Surah Yaseen.
B. THE HOLY PROPHET Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam LEAVES HIS SO DEAR HOUSE:
The Holy Prophet (Allah's blessings and salutations on him) approached
the house of Hadhrat Aboo Bakr Siddique R.A. (Radhi Allahoo Unhoo—Allah
is pleased with him). This incident took place on 27th Safar of 13th year
of the Nabwi preachings of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam at Makkah which is calculated
as on Thursday 12th September, 662 A.D.
The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam had already a definite plan to migrate to Madina.
For this purpose Hadhrat Aboo Bakr R.A. had already purchased two camels.
The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam had paid him the price of the camel allocated by
Aboo Bakr for him which he had to receive due to the pressure of the Holy
Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam).
Hadhrat Aboo Bakr (Allah is pleased with him) soon made preparations
for the eventful journey on foot. Aasma, daughter of Hadhrat Aboo Bakr
R.A. prepared dry food and filled a bag containing parched and ground barley
meals. Both the esteemed persons (the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam and Aboo Bakr
R.A.) as the all times tested bosom friends commenced their journey which
became the unique turning point in the entire human history to usher-in
a just society with peaceful prosperity. They reached a cave of the hillock
of Thawr, situated at a distance of four to five miles from Makkah. First
of all, Hadhrat Aboo Bakr Siddique R.A. fully sweeped the cave, and closed
the holes with the rags which he obtained by tearing his own clothes. Thereafter
he submitted to the Holy Prophet (Allah's blessing and salutation on him)
to come in for rest.
On the other hand when Hadhrat Ali (Allah is pleased with him) sleeping
with sheet over him which was dragged by infidels woke up from the Prophet's
bed. The Quraysh killer agents came near and recognized him as Ali. They
asked about the whereabouts of the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutation
of Allah on him). Hadhrat Ali (Allah is pleased with him) expressed his
ignorance About this. The Quraysh agents deployed to kill the Holy Prophet
were ashamed to attack him (Ali R.A.). Anyhow they caught hold of him and
brought him upto the shrine of Ka-'aaba but released him after some time.
Then the Quraish declared a reward one hundred red camels of best price
whoso brings the head of the Holy Prophet. Suraqa Ibne-Sham was so greedy
that he traced out the foot points of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam with Hadhrat
Aboo Bakr and were upto Cave Sauwr. But Allah Almighty saved them both
being the Third and the Supreme Power all over. The Quraan says that Allah
was with them to fully protect both (Al-Quraan Sura Tauba IX: 407).
C. DEPARTURE FROM THE CAVE:
On the fourth night two she camels came from the house of Hadhrat Aboo
Bakr Siddique (Allah is pleased with him), which had been pre-arranged
for this historical journey. The Holy Prophet (Blessing and salutations
of Allah on him) and Hadhrat Aboo Bakr (Allah is pleased with him) rode
on one; and on the other rode Aamer Bin Faheera and Abd Allah Bin Laqeet
as their guards. They proceeded towards Madina on the first of Rabee-ul-Awwal
on Monday the 16th of September, 662 A.D.
D. ARRIVAL AT THE PLACE, NAMED QABBA:
It was 8th of Rabee-ul-Awwal in the 13th year of Inauguration of Prophet
hood (First year of Hijri as the starting point for Islaamic Lunar calendar
the day being Monday (23rd of September, 622 A.D.), that the Holy Prophet
arrived at the place known as QABBA near Madina. Here the first Mosque
in Islaam was built. Allah says:
"This is the Masjid (mosque) which has its foundations from
the first day on piety (and sincerity). It has therefore the greatest sancity
—" (Al-Quraan - IX: 108)."
As soon as people of Medina heard that the Holy Prophet (blessings and
salutations of Allah on him), crowds came flocking out of Medina. They
started to come every morning and wait eagerly for his appearance until
noon. It was morning when the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on
him) appeared at this place. All the Muslims greeted him with shouts of
Allaho Akbar (Allah is the greatest); and they gathered around him like
moths. Those who had not uptil now seen the Holy Prophet (blessings and
salutations of Allah on him), had taken Hadhrat Aboo Bakr as the Holy Prophet
Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam Hadhrat Aboo Bakr (Allah is pleased with him) understood the situation.
He took a sheet of cloth, stood up, and shadowed over the head of the Holy
Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) with this; from which
every one realised that he was Aboo Bakr Siddique (Allah is pleased with
him). The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) stayed
here upto Thursday. During three days the first thing which the Holy Prophet
(blessings and salutations of Allah on him) did was to lay the foundations
of the first Masjid in Islaam which is the profoundest mosque as stated
by the Holy Quraan (Sura IX : 108). Mosques are for the worship of one
Allah worth worship Who has no partner or associate or equal.
E. ENTRANCE TO MADINA:
It was 12th of Rabi-ul-Awwal; the day was Friday, that the Holy Prophet
(blessings and salutations of Allah on him) rode from Qabaa and reached
the house of Bani Salim. Here he (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) offered the first Juum-'ah Prayer
as weekly Muslim congregation afternoon, as first event and the first Juum-'ah
in Islaam. It is here that the pretty girls of Madina were singing the
Naa'-tia (eulogizing) songs in honor of the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) with
great love, affection and jubilation. All the Madinese were lining up in
reception with heartfelt joy and celebration of the arrival the Divine
Blessing in Madina.
F. HADHRAT ALI R.A. JOINS:
During the same days, the brave Ali-uII-Muurtaza (Allah is pleased with
him) approached the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) approached
the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam walking. In obedience of the order of the Holy
Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam he had stayed in Makkah for a few days in order to return
the trusts kept with the Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) as Al-ameen of Makkah (the
most trustworthy). He returned all these trusts one by one to their respective
owners.
G. ARRIVAL AND MASJID NABAWI FOUNDATIONS:
The Holy Prophet on arrival in the city of Madina left open to his she
camel to sit anywhere she wants and it was the house of Ahoo Ayyub Ansari
the sincerest companion of the Holy Prophet at Madina- He stayed with him
as his special guest of honor. Meanwhile a chun of land belonging to two
orphans was purchased on which t.he Masjid-e-Nabawi was constructed with
modest apartments for the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam where he shifted later.
H. MARRIAGE WITH HADHRAT 'AYISHAH: (Allah is pleased with
her).
Abdulla Bin Areeqat returned to Makkah. He conveyed the tiding to Hadhrat
Abdulla Bin Ahoo Bakr about the safe arrival of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam
at Madina. On receiving this happy News, he migrated from Makkah to Madina
Munawwara along with his sister 'Ayishah (Allah is pleased with her), their
mother and Talha Bin Abdullah. The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam had engagement with
her in Makkah but she was married by her mother and Father to him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam.
on her arrival to Madina.
I. THE BROTHERHOOD TIES OF MOHAJIRS AND ANSAARS IN MADINA:
During the same period acting upon the commandment of Allah, the Holy Prophet
(blessings and salutations on him) cemented (.he ties of brotherhood amongst
the Muslims of
Madina who were called ANSAR, and the Mahajreen i.e.
emigrants from Makkah by selecting families to live together. Allah Almighty
has highly appreciated this brotherhood of Muslims in the Holy Quraan in
Sura Anfaal VIII: 72.
J. CHANGE OF QIBLAH:
Change in the Qiblah of Muslims took place during the month of Shabaan.
Earlier the Muslims used to pray with their faces towards the Holy Mosque
in Jerusalem. Commandment of the change of Qiblah was revealed to the Holy
Prophet during the congregational prayer at Asr. The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam
had already completed two Rak-'ats. The verse about change of Qibla descended
Rakooh' of the third Rakaat; and hence the Holy Prophet turned his face
towards Ka-'aaba and all the companions also followed him suit by turning
their faces from north west to south east. This has been allowed by Allah
in the Holy Quraan vide Sura Al-Baqrah II :150, 143 and 177.
K. THE WAR OF BADR:
The very first and the most famous war of the believers in Islaam with
the disbeliever infidels was the famous war of Badr fought by Muslims to
defend Madina from being smashed by Makki pagan who came fully prepared
wit-h all the necessary war arsenal. The Holy Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) commanded
the Muslims and the enemy was engaged in the famous plain of Badr, some
80 miles away from Madina. Allah allowed the Muslims in 2nd Hijra to have
defensive fight against the enemy as in Sura Al-Baqra 11:19. This is because
Muslims defend their peaceful co-existence for Allah as in Sura Aale-Imraan
111:13 to remain grateful to Allah to establish His best, system as in
Sura III :123. Allah made Muslims to look double to the enemy as in Sura
III :13.
Sura Anfaal gives full account of the War of Badr being the greatest
event of Islaarn and the turning point, in the History of islaam. Reference
is made to Sura Anfaal VIII Verses 2 to 19, Verses 41 to 47, Verses 67
to 71.
The warning about the spoils of war of Badr snatched by successful Muslim
warriers from the tally defeated infidels of Makkah has been revealed in
Sura Anfaal VIII: 67 to 69 where principles have been laid down about the
final phase of any defensive Muslim War. The Muslims who participate in
Islaam Jahaad (sacred defensive and obligatory battles to maintain the
march of truth of Allah for human co-existence, peace and prosperity have
been laid down in scores of verses of the Holy Quraan. But the Sura Nisaa
TV: 95 is comprehensive in brief on this subject. Sura XXII: 39 to 41 and
Sura LI: 251 also prescribes to establish the system of Islaam with sincerity
of purpose with integrity.
Sura Nisaa IV : 75 and Sura Anfaal VIII: 39 read with Sura Baqarah II
:190 to achieve the objectives of Islaam by any sacrifice.
It was the holy month of Ramadhan-ull-Mubarak in the year of 2 Hijri
that Aboo Jehl spread the rumour that their caravan, loaded with riches,
was coming back to Makkah from Syria, and that Madina lies in the way.
Muslims intend to plunder it. The purpose of this rumour was that all those
people who had invested their capital in business, and also those whose
relatives were in the caravan; and those who hate Muslims; they should
get suspicious against Muslims; should unanimously get ready to wage a
war against Muslims. Thus Aboo Jehl succeeded in his device to revenge
the migration of Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam and his followers, unhurt. The army
of Quraysh comprised of one thousand spirited warriors which included seven
hundred riders of camels and three hundred horses. Aboo Jehl marched forward
leading this army. The trade caravan of Makkah which had obviously served
as the cause of this military expedition of Makki infidels had travelled
by another path to Makkah; yet Aboo Jehl continued advancing with this
army towards Madina. Now it was clear for Muslims that protection of the
caravan was only an excuse. This was only an invasion on the poor Muslims
for no cause of concern from them on any account.
The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him), consulted the companions
(Allah is pleased with them) on this matter. The Mahajirs (emigrants) gave
a satisfactory reply. The Ansaar leader Sa'ad Bin Ma-'aaz said, "Perhaps
the Holy Prophets (blessings and salutations on him) thinks that the Ansars
do not think it their duty to help you (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam). We are under your (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
kind control and will. We shall obey as you order. The battle took place
on Friday, the 17th of Ramadhan-ull-Mubarak when the Muslims were fasting
despite of long journey. By help and support of Allah, the infidels were
defeated. Seventy of their men were arrested. Aboo Jehl was killed by two
Muslim youngsters along with several Makki chiefs.
According to war-rules of those days Hadhrat Omar R.A. along with many
companions of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam wanted to kill them for revenge and
to over-awe the Makki invaders it was essential that all the persons who
were arrested should have been murdered. But the Holy Prophet (blessings
and salutations of Allah on him) as a blessing for the entire universe,
set all of them free after taking ransom and deploying them on probation/parole
to teach the illiterate boys, girls and elders of Madina.
L. THE BATTLE OF OHUD (GHAZWA OHUD):
The Quraysh again attacked Madina in the next year, the third year of Hijra.
They were more prepared this time. They had collected subscription publicly.
The poet Aboo Ghazzala went all around and persuaded Banu Kanana to help
the Quraysh. Fifty thousand Misqaal of. gold and one thousand camels, from
business of Syria, which was not as yet distributed, was included in the
subscription.
In short, the Makki pagans as furious enemies pounded Madina with an
army consisting of five thousand warriors proceeded towards Madina. This
included three hundred camels, two hundred horses and seven hundred warriors,
wearing armours, and others with weaponry were afoot. The Holy Prophet
(blessings and salutations on him) was of the opinion that defence may
be done by being besieged in Madina,but following the opinion of Muslims
majority they faced the army of the Quraysh, out of Madina; near the mount,
Ohud five miles away.
Muslims numbered one thousand. In the beginning Muslims defeated the
enemy; but then these victorious believers left the valley where the Holy
Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam had appointed them to remain steadfast. On observing this
Khalid Bin Waleed who was yet not a Muslim took a round and occupied the
said valley, and brought Muslims in the centre. At that time Muslims suffered
a heavy loss. Seventy companions (Allah is pleased with them) of the Holy
Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam were martyred. Major portion of the army was scattered.
In the battlefield only seventy companions showed bravery; and stood steadfast
in front of the enemy defending the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam in direct attack
of the Makki infidels.
The biggest loss, among the losses of the battle was that Hadhrat Ameer
Hamza (Allah is pleased with him), uncle and great friend defender and
great warrior of the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) was
martyred. Hadhrat Maasub Bin Omair was also martyred Hadhrat, Ans Bin Nazar
was also martyred. Hadhrat Talha (Allah is pleased with him) used his hand
as a shield: and he checked the arrows, aimed at the Holy Prophet (blessings
and salutations on him), by his hand. The rumours of the martyrdom of the
Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) extremely depressed Muslims.
During this period Hazrat-Ka'ab Bin Malik happened to sight the luminous
face of the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) bleeding due
to his broke tooth and bruised face. He shouted, "Be happy, the Holy Prophet
(Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) is here." The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam asked him to keep silent. On
hearing this voice, the companions gathered by his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) side. The Holy
Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) together with his companions (Allah is pleased with them)
ascended the elevation of the mountain Ohud.
From the foot of the mountain Aboo Suufyan shouted, "are Muhammad (blessings
and salutations of Allah on him), Hadhrat Aboo Bakr and Hazrut Omar (Allah
is pleased with them) not present?" "The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam asked Muslims
not to reply. Aboo Suufyan repeated the same question twice or thrice.
On receiving no reply he was overjoyed; and he exclaimed "Long live Hobull"
(One of the idols)". At this stage the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations
of Allah on him) asked Muslims to reply.
Hadhrat Omar (Allah is pleased with him) replied "AH these persons arc
all alive to make your designs futile and disgrace you." Aboo Suufyaan
came forward and said "the battle has ended. The clay of Ohud has equalized
day of Badr. "O' Hobull be exalted. Promise of battle next year." Obeying
the order of the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him)
Hazrat Omar (Allah is pleased with him) replied, "The same is the time
limit between both of us. After this debate enemy infidels returned to
Makkah and the hypocrites quite exposed returned to Madina.. The Quraish
enemy female folk also participated in war of Ohud including daughter of
'Otba, mother of Ameer Mo-aavia and wife of arch enemy of Islaam to this
moment Aboo Suufyaan. She had hired a specially trained slave to kill Ameer
Hamza and totally disfigured his pious body to quench her grief of Badr
losses. The female folks of Islaam also participated for the first time
including Hadhrat Fatima, to nurse the wounded and the seriously injured
Muslim warriors.
M. OTHER SKIRMISHES, WAR OF THE TRENCH, JEWISH CONFRONTATIONS:
From 3rd to 4th to Hijra some small skirmishes took place. Hadhrata Fatima,
so deer daughter of the Holy Prophet married to Hadhrat Ah R.A. gave birth
to Hadhrat Husain so affectionate grandson of the Messenger of Allah Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam
The War of Trench took place in 5th Hijra. The Jews had many agreements
which they broke, so Sura Baqara II, Sura Aaal-e-Imraan III, Sura Nisaa
IV and Sura Ma-idah condemn them.
N. QURAAN AND THE JEWISH COMMUNITY OF MEDINA CONSPIRING AGAINST THE HOLY
PROPHET:
The Jews who settled in Arabia through the ages also came to Yathrab in
the 5th or sixth century A.D. and settled there. They were too much frustrated
and upset to see the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam and his companions' migration
to Madina. The Holy Quraan has pertinently referred to the Jewish people
and their characteristics. They are still the same stiff-neck for their
anti Muslim attitude. Some of the references of the Holy Quraan are as
follows:
-
Superiority on other nations in their own times = 2:47, 122
-
Allah's continuous favours on Jews = 2:47; 2:122
-
More Bestowments of Allah, on Jews = 2:40 to 58, 63, 64, 122, 123; 5:20;
7:138, 141, 160; 10:93; 14:6; 20:80; 28:5; 44:30 to 33; 45:15, 17.
-
Jews Reverted to idol (calf) worship on safe crossing the sea = 2:51. 54,
43; 7:138.
-
Chiefs of Jews were overtaken by an earthquake for their wrongs = 7:155,
165.
-
Jewish People made Apes due to their disobedience = 7:166.
-
Moses ordered Jews to enter Palestine but they refused = 7:155, 165
-
The Jews rejected signs of Allah, killed the Prophets and transgressed
= 2:61, 65; 7:188
-
dHistory of Israelites and their enmity with the Muslims at Medina = 2:40,
41, 62, 63, 66, 85. 92 to 96, 100, 102, 113, 135, 174 to 176; 3:23, 24,98,99,
110 to 112, 187. 199; 4:44 to 47, 155; 5:14, 15, 16, 18, 41 to 44, 51 to
55, 57, 64, 68, 70, 71, 77 to 82, 161; 7:159, 161 to 177; 61:118; 17:2
to 8; 58:12 to 19.
-
Cruelties of Israelites - Charge sheet by Allah = 2:59, 61, 65, 66, 75
to 81, 85 to 92, 99 to 103, 119, 140, 145, 146, 211, 246; 3:19 to 23, 24,
110 to 112, 181 to 183; 4:41, 52, 60, 61, 66, 153 to 158, 159, 160; 5:21,
32, 41 to 43, 59 to 64, 70, 71, 110; 7:162, 163; 45:17; 61:5.
IV. ISLAAM TO REAL SUCCESS
A. THE LOVE OF WORSHIP IN THE KA-'AABA:
The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) had a vision
in sleep that he went over to Makkah and performed 'Omrah, special worship
in the Holy Ka'aaba in Makkah. When he narrated this to the companions
(Allah is pleased with them, they became restless due to eagerness; and
they made preparations for the journey to Makkah. The Holy Prophet (blessings
and salutations of Allah on him) took all of them with him as an in-born
Arab rights to visit the Ka'aaba and reached the neighborhood of Makkah.
When the stiff-neck Quraish came to know this, they unanimously decided
not to allow Muslims to enter Makkah. The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations
of Allah on him) voluntarily withdrew from there and stayed at the place
known as Hodybia.
B. THE WELL KNOWN MIRACLE AT HODYBIA:
Hodybia is the name of a well. A vast plain is nearby in between Makkah
and Jeddah toward Madina. Due to shortage of water the Holy Prophet's Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam
companions (Allah is pleased with them) were distressed. There was small
quantity of water in a pot but there was no arrangement to clean this abondoned
well and bring it to fetch water. Everybody was thirsty. The pot containing
small water was placed in front of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam He saw the quantity
of water so little but all the companions so needy to quench their too
much felt thirst. The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah
on him) placed his hand in it. Water started gushing out from his sacred
fingers like five springs. All the fifteen hundred companions with their
animals quenched their thirst. People filled their utensils, and performed
ablution. This has been narrated by Hadhrat Jaber (Allah is pleased with
him). Water was available in such a huge quantity that even several hundred
thousands of men would have been satiated. Then the well also gushed out
fine fresh water which had run till the mid twentieth century and was closed
by the present regime.
C. HUDABIA PUZZLE OF THE MUSLIMS AND THE EXCHANGE OF EMISSARIES:
The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam with great love for the self re-selected Ka-'aaba
as Kibla of the Muslims and all his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) companions (1500) with great
respect to this House of worship of Allah as their Arab right had come
with full preparations with their sacrificial animals in full peaceful
process to perform the obligatory Hajj. But the Quraish of Makkah deprived
them from this birth right. The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam wanted to have a dialogue
with the Quraish. Badeel Bin Warqa Khazaaee came to the Holy Prophet (blessings
and salutations of Allah on him). It was stated by him that the Quraysh
were bent upon waging a war if Muslims donot return to Madina unconditionally.
The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) said, "We
want, only to perform 'Omrah ! and the Quraysh cannot debar us from this
right. He suggested to this emissary that his companions want to do 'Omrah.
Therefore be Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam proposed to make a truce for a limited period. He was
so impressed to see the love, attachment and obedience of the Muslims to
the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam that every one was so anxious to get preserved
every drop of water of Holy Prophet's ablution and even they made it as
a source of tonic to their faces and body limbs as his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) followers.
On going back he narrated the whole story to the Quraish, and lie told
them that the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam had not come for a fight. But the Quraish
did not agree, and they did not reconcile. Thereafter Urwah Bin Masood
Thaqfee approached the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah
on him).
D. THE NEGOTIATIONS:
The Muslims and the Quraish conversation started on this subject in a serious
way through Suhail Bin Omroo from the Quraish side and Hadhrat Aboo Bakr
Siddique from Muslim's side. The conversation cropped to exchange of harsh
words of Suhail with Hadhrat Siddique R.A. that Omrah is Muslim right.
But nothing was settled Suhail went back, and said to the Quraish, "I have
visited courts of kings but I have not found their so subordinated subjects
as much faithful and welt-wishers of king as instantly sacrificing most
obedient companions of the Holy Prophet, Muhammad (blessings and salutations
of Allah on him). They lovely rush to collect every bit of his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
hair and cut out nails as well as every drop of bis perspiration with zeal
that they appear to be on the profoundest love and such an attachment to
fight on his order to last drop of their blood.
Then the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations on him) thought of
deputing some emissary of his side to the Quraish. Hence Hadhrat 'Othmaan
(Allah is pleased with him) was selected for this duty because he had several
of his relatives and supporters amongst the Quraish in Makkah who had not
embraced Islaam but had blood ties with him (R.A.). Hadhrat 'Othmaan approached
the leaders of Quraish; and conveyed to them the message of the Holy Prophet
Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam They treated 'Othmaan with amicable manners; but they did not agree
to allow the Holy Prophet Blessings and salutations of Allah on him) to
enter Makkah.
E. RUMOUR OF MURDER OF HADHRAT OTHMAN AND THE BAYAT (PLEDGE) OF RIDHWAAN:
A rumour broke out that the infidels had martyred Hadhrat 'Othmaan (Allah
is pleased with him). The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah
on him) was extremely grieved on hearing this as he was not only his (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam)
personal emissary, Muslim Ambassador of peace but also a great companion.
Therefore under a cacia tree the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations
of Allah on him) took oath of allegiance from all the companions (Allah
is pleased with them) to the effect that so long as they are alive they
will avenge bloodshed of Hadhrat Othmann. The Holy Quraan has highly appreciated
this Muslim pledge to keep such obedience of every believer to the Holy
Prophet (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam) as hall-mark of life.
The Holy Quraan says:
"Allah is pleased with the Muslims who pledged at your hands
under the tree. He knew what is in their hearts. This brought a great satisfaction
in their hearts and it ushered a great victory for them." (Al-Quraan :
XLVIII:18)
Afterwards it came to light that the news about the murdering of Hadhrat
'Othmaan (Allah is pleased with him) was altogether false.
F. THE HUDYBIA TREATY AS THE FIRST TREATY IN ISLAAM:
Suhail Bin 'Omroo approached the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations
of Allah on him) and after much discussion, truce was settled on the following
terms:
-
This year the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him)
and all his companions (Allah is pleased with them all) will go back without
performing Hajj or Omrah.
-
They will perform Hajj (Muslim pilgrimage in and around Makkah) next year
provided they stay not more than three days.
-
The Muslims will bear no arms in the Hajj next year except self defence
sheathed swords.
-
The validity of the truce was agreed to be ten years.
-
The Quraysh will not fight the allies of the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam and the
Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam will not fight the allies of the Quraysh.
-
If any of the Quraysh embraces Islaam, the Holy Prophet will return him
to the Quraysh; but if a Muslim turns apostate and joins Quraish, he will
not be returned at any cost.
This last condition was extremely disturbing and disgusting to the Holy
Prophet's Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam companions (Allah is pleased with them). Hadhrat 'Omar
(Allah is pleased with him) was extremely enraged, and he firmly solicited
before the Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) that
the last condition is very humiliating. The Holy Prophet (blessings and
salutations of Allah on him) smiled and replied that any one who turns
apostate and joins them is of no use to us; and if some one becomes Muslim
from amongst them and comes to us, but we return him to them,Allah the
Sublime will create better conditions for us somehow or the other that
such returned Muslim will become an asset there. Meanwhile Aboo Jandal
was thrown to the Muslims badly beaten and chained. He was the son of Suhail,
the truce and treaty maker of the Quraish. Treaty was not yet signed so
the Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam and all the Muslims were swayed from the shrieks
of Aboo Jandal but his father Suhail told that the Treaty is operative.
Thus Aboo Jandal was returned and treaty was signed. The Holy Prophet Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam
honored his words before being confirmed which further made his truthful
deals as the most effective pattern of his life throughout. Briefly, this
truce was settled with great difficulty.
G. THE GREATEST VICTORY IS THE PEACE TREATY OF HUDYBIA:
Islaam is a religion of Allah as His Final will to bring peace within and
peace all around to the Day of Eternity. his was the urge of Allah Almighty
through this Final Modality the Holy Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaho hoo Alyhe
Wassallam) to bring peaceful existence to humanity for mankind prosperity.
Therefore, a full Sura starts from this great achievement (Sura Fatah)
saying:
"Surely it is a great victory for you ....... " (Al-Quraan
: XLVIII: 1 to 3)
The Holy Prophet (blessings and salutations of Allah on him) and
all his companions) sacrificed the Huda (sacrificial) camels here; and
got his and all the companions heads shaved as a symbol of havings performed
worship out of Makkah. Although his companions had reservations to accede
to this great treaty but after this command of Allah they bowed down to
him (Salallaho Alaihi Wasallam). This profound arbitration truce really became a foundation
stone for march of Islaam amongst the Arab tribes and all around in Arabia.
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